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		<title><![CDATA[Projects-Forum.com - All Forums]]></title>
		<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[Projects-Forum.com - http://www.projects-forum.com]]></description>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 May 2012 01:52:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<generator>MyBB</generator>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Flash on iPad or iPhone?]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Flash-on-iPad-or-iPhone</link>
			<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jun 2011 02:38:57 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Flash-on-iPad-or-iPhone</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Flash on iPad or iPhone?<br />
Is there any way (yet) anyone knows of to play Flash content on the iPad or iPhone? Are there any sites that do any kind of on-the-fly conversion? I don't quite understand the feud or whatever between Steve Jobs/Apple and Adobe, nor do I really care. I would just like to know if there is a work-around. I run a website that is all about the yet-to-be released iPad2 <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-stand-cases.html" target="_blank">ipad2 stand cases</a> and several other Apple <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-covers-leather-ipad-2-covers-ipad2cover.html" target="_blank">ipad 2 covers</a> Product specific websites. I would really like to give our readers some information on this that would be helpful. Artists, Musicians, and lots of other creative types use Apple products more in general. And Flash movies AND Flash Websites are the best choice for many artists, especially Flash Websites for the ability to display content, without the ability to copy or save it. So, since so many artists visit other artists websites, <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-tpu-cases.html" target="_blank">iPad2 TPU Cases</a> this is kind of crazy! I know I cant stand it when I try and look at a site, or movie, and I see the message.....<br />
<br />
There has to be some viable option(s)!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Flash on iPad or iPhone?<br />
Is there any way (yet) anyone knows of to play Flash content on the iPad or iPhone? Are there any sites that do any kind of on-the-fly conversion? I don't quite understand the feud or whatever between Steve Jobs/Apple and Adobe, nor do I really care. I would just like to know if there is a work-around. I run a website that is all about the yet-to-be released iPad2 <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-stand-cases.html" target="_blank">ipad2 stand cases</a> and several other Apple <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-covers-leather-ipad-2-covers-ipad2cover.html" target="_blank">ipad 2 covers</a> Product specific websites. I would really like to give our readers some information on this that would be helpful. Artists, Musicians, and lots of other creative types use Apple products more in general. And Flash movies AND Flash Websites are the best choice for many artists, especially Flash Websites for the ability to display content, without the ability to copy or save it. So, since so many artists visit other artists websites, <a href="http://www.ebelow.com/ipad-2-tpu-cases.html" target="_blank">iPad2 TPU Cases</a> this is kind of crazy! I know I cant stand it when I try and look at a site, or movie, and I see the message.....<br />
<br />
There has to be some viable option(s)!]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[How to Get the Wholesale Cell Phone Case That Will Suit for iPhone]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-How-to-Get-the-Wholesale-Cell-Phone-Case-That-Will-Suit-for-iPhone</link>
			<pubDate>Thu, 02 Jun 2011 18:03:36 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-How-to-Get-the-Wholesale-Cell-Phone-Case-That-Will-Suit-for-iPhone</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[A lot of people who hold right ordered their first iPhone are fantastic around what type of situation is unparalleled to protect their fresh device for investment. A spacious selection of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> cases are obtainable in right around any style, shape and color that you might possibly want. Before purchasing a case, a good fundamental thing to consider through is whether you truly need a instance and why you are buying on the time. Apple indeed patterned the iPhone to be applied naked without a situation and it is built to be able to stand higher the rigors of everyday use without wanting a case. Almost all people who choose a situation do it to further protect it out of the small scratches that are inevitable, to express their personal style, or to protect contrary to dropping it on callous surfaces due to accidents or just being clumsy.<br />
The almost all common wholesale cell phone cases are plastic gel cases that encase the phone itself alongside breachs for the screen, buttons, dock connector and receiver port. They are immense by reason of they protect the phone itself out of scratches and, depending on the substance, succor baffle the phone out of impact damage whether you drop it. Some come by a stick on addition that covers and protects the snifter touch screen actually. They come in a variation of colors and styles. The power downside is that they increment mass and thickness to a phone that was patterned to be as slim as possible. With individual of these <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a> cases, it simply won't be as thin in your pocket or purse.<br />
There are thus numerous reasons why things similar laptop or radio phone cases are there. Protecting our precious laptop or cell phone is individual pleasant purpose. Enhancing its appearance is one more one. The unequaled individual is for an economical reason. Why change the integrity housing of your phone, supposing you may simply purchase radio phone cases?<br />
There are a numerous amount of us who are constantly ignoring the damages like scratches, perpetually dropping our <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>, etc. This might be okay to those who obtain their phones from their network distributor. How around those, who are using pre-paid cell phones? Or to those who constantly need to possess the latest version of their darling cell phone brand similar LG, Nokia, Samsung or Motorola? It is not affordable to get a unfamiliar one, most chiefly supposing it is a high-end phone.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[A lot of people who hold right ordered their first iPhone are fantastic around what type of situation is unparalleled to protect their fresh device for investment. A spacious selection of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> cases are obtainable in right around any style, shape and color that you might possibly want. Before purchasing a case, a good fundamental thing to consider through is whether you truly need a instance and why you are buying on the time. Apple indeed patterned the iPhone to be applied naked without a situation and it is built to be able to stand higher the rigors of everyday use without wanting a case. Almost all people who choose a situation do it to further protect it out of the small scratches that are inevitable, to express their personal style, or to protect contrary to dropping it on callous surfaces due to accidents or just being clumsy.<br />
The almost all common wholesale cell phone cases are plastic gel cases that encase the phone itself alongside breachs for the screen, buttons, dock connector and receiver port. They are immense by reason of they protect the phone itself out of scratches and, depending on the substance, succor baffle the phone out of impact damage whether you drop it. Some come by a stick on addition that covers and protects the snifter touch screen actually. They come in a variation of colors and styles. The power downside is that they increment mass and thickness to a phone that was patterned to be as slim as possible. With individual of these <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a> cases, it simply won't be as thin in your pocket or purse.<br />
There are thus numerous reasons why things similar laptop or radio phone cases are there. Protecting our precious laptop or cell phone is individual pleasant purpose. Enhancing its appearance is one more one. The unequaled individual is for an economical reason. Why change the integrity housing of your phone, supposing you may simply purchase radio phone cases?<br />
There are a numerous amount of us who are constantly ignoring the damages like scratches, perpetually dropping our <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>, etc. This might be okay to those who obtain their phones from their network distributor. How around those, who are using pre-paid cell phones? Or to those who constantly need to possess the latest version of their darling cell phone brand similar LG, Nokia, Samsung or Motorola? It is not affordable to get a unfamiliar one, most chiefly supposing it is a high-end phone.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Wholesale Cell Phones and Accessories, What To Consider?]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Wholesale-Cell-Phones-and-Accessories-What-To-Consider</link>
			<pubDate>Tue, 31 May 2011 20:48:16 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Wholesale-Cell-Phones-and-Accessories-What-To-Consider</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Have you been among those technophiles who usually have to have the best Smartphone or pocket PC <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>? Obtaining wholesale mobile phones could be a cost effective approach to get the latest modern technology has to provide. There are a few essential things to consider when heading this path for a brand new cell phone purchase. Just like a great number of other items, the demon is within the details.<br />
The First detail to be recognized is provider interoperability. When obtaining cell phones, it is highly relevant to make sure the cell phone is possibly created specifically for the service provider it will likely be turned on along with, or <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a> and for that reason able to be used in combination with any cell provider. An additional component of cell phone provider matchup is the regular utilized to exchange details over the wireless system. There are a couple of technological innovation specifications, CDMA and GSM. The conventional utilized by the cell phone device should complement the standard available from the cell phone provider.<br />
The quantity two and merely as essential details to bear in mind when choosing wholesale cell phonesis the consistency the cell phone is able to txt and obtaining. If the cell phone is going to be utilized in The United States, it will require being perfect for broadcast and RX on both 850 MHz and 1900 megahertz as all those would be the normal wavelengths employed by cell phone service providers on this region. In Asia and Europe the normal frequencies are usually 900 MHz and 1800 megahertz. Additionally, there is quad-band cell phones designed for worldwide interoperability.<br />
Acquiring <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> is a great approach to maintain the majority of up-to-date equipment without splitting the bank. Maintaining these kinds of primary factors in your mind, a cell phone provider match ups and transfer RX frequencies guarantees an even service program and being compatible with the preferred cell phone provider. The demon concealing in the particulars can be simply conquered after a little period, analysis, and focus on the above essential points.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Have you been among those technophiles who usually have to have the best Smartphone or pocket PC <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>? Obtaining wholesale mobile phones could be a cost effective approach to get the latest modern technology has to provide. There are a few essential things to consider when heading this path for a brand new cell phone purchase. Just like a great number of other items, the demon is within the details.<br />
The First detail to be recognized is provider interoperability. When obtaining cell phones, it is highly relevant to make sure the cell phone is possibly created specifically for the service provider it will likely be turned on along with, or <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a> and for that reason able to be used in combination with any cell provider. An additional component of cell phone provider matchup is the regular utilized to exchange details over the wireless system. There are a couple of technological innovation specifications, CDMA and GSM. The conventional utilized by the cell phone device should complement the standard available from the cell phone provider.<br />
The quantity two and merely as essential details to bear in mind when choosing wholesale cell phonesis the consistency the cell phone is able to txt and obtaining. If the cell phone is going to be utilized in The United States, it will require being perfect for broadcast and RX on both 850 MHz and 1900 megahertz as all those would be the normal wavelengths employed by cell phone service providers on this region. In Asia and Europe the normal frequencies are usually 900 MHz and 1800 megahertz. Additionally, there is quad-band cell phones designed for worldwide interoperability.<br />
Acquiring <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> is a great approach to maintain the majority of up-to-date equipment without splitting the bank. Maintaining these kinds of primary factors in your mind, a cell phone provider match ups and transfer RX frequencies guarantees an even service program and being compatible with the preferred cell phone provider. The demon concealing in the particulars can be simply conquered after a little period, analysis, and focus on the above essential points.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Acquiring The Best Wholesale Cell Phones]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Acquiring-The-Best-Wholesale-Cell-Phones</link>
			<pubDate>Sun, 29 May 2011 19:27:37 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Acquiring-The-Best-Wholesale-Cell-Phones</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[When you are into the business of selling <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>, the most important thing that you need to have with you is the best possible units available. When you have a steady supply of cell phones, it will foster better relationships with customers. Put yourself into the shoes of the buyer and you go into a store that does not have the unit that you are looking for. It is going to be very disappointing and of course, it is natural behavior but there will be a tendency for you to look for the unit you need by searching through another store. This is where competition sets in.<br />
How will you be able to get the best among the cell phones you will be buying? First and foremost, the quality of the units that the supplier is selling should be extremely good.  There shouldn't be any complaints coming from a customer who just recently bought a phone. The dealer should be able to provide you the specific units that you need. If your market demand is refurbished phones, then the supplier should be able to meet that.  Most dealers offer a complete range of phones. There are phones that are brand new. There are also units that are locked or unlocked to any network. Between the two, you can expect that unlocked units are much more expensive than locked phones because this required your supplier to use software in unlocking these units so that more resellers will buy the <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>. Unlocked phones are the chosen ones among consumers because this allows them to use any network or any SIM from any network in these types of phones.<br />
It does not end there. Just like any other wholesale purchase, your deal should include discounts. Most suppliers need to make the discounts competitive. This means the prices should not be extremely low or too expensive. Once you get to have this kind of dealer with competitive pricing, you can therefore consider yourself as being able to acquire the best <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a> from the best dealer you have found.<br />
In the world of cellular phone business, there isn't a monopoly in terms of supplies. You have the option to go for online or offline suppliers. When you opt for online dealers, you still have tons of wholesalers to choose from. Select those who are best in delivering their products and nothing else.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[When you are into the business of selling <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>, the most important thing that you need to have with you is the best possible units available. When you have a steady supply of cell phones, it will foster better relationships with customers. Put yourself into the shoes of the buyer and you go into a store that does not have the unit that you are looking for. It is going to be very disappointing and of course, it is natural behavior but there will be a tendency for you to look for the unit you need by searching through another store. This is where competition sets in.<br />
How will you be able to get the best among the cell phones you will be buying? First and foremost, the quality of the units that the supplier is selling should be extremely good.  There shouldn't be any complaints coming from a customer who just recently bought a phone. The dealer should be able to provide you the specific units that you need. If your market demand is refurbished phones, then the supplier should be able to meet that.  Most dealers offer a complete range of phones. There are phones that are brand new. There are also units that are locked or unlocked to any network. Between the two, you can expect that unlocked units are much more expensive than locked phones because this required your supplier to use software in unlocking these units so that more resellers will buy the <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>. Unlocked phones are the chosen ones among consumers because this allows them to use any network or any SIM from any network in these types of phones.<br />
It does not end there. Just like any other wholesale purchase, your deal should include discounts. Most suppliers need to make the discounts competitive. This means the prices should not be extremely low or too expensive. Once you get to have this kind of dealer with competitive pricing, you can therefore consider yourself as being able to acquire the best <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a> from the best dealer you have found.<br />
In the world of cellular phone business, there isn't a monopoly in terms of supplies. You have the option to go for online or offline suppliers. When you opt for online dealers, you still have tons of wholesalers to choose from. Select those who are best in delivering their products and nothing else.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The Right Approach to Wholesale Cell Phones]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-The-Right-Approach-to-Wholesale-Cell-Phones</link>
			<pubDate>Wed, 25 May 2011 18:13:50 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-The-Right-Approach-to-Wholesale-Cell-Phones</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[A cell phone which has low battery is useless no matter how expensive they maybe and it becomes even more irritating when you left your charger and the phone battery is totally dead. Since you need your <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a> in almost all of your everyday activities, home or office, its significant of having good and worthwhile batteries is important. It is wither you carry two cell phones or you carry a lot of batteries in case an emergency strikes you.<br />
 Wholesale cell phones are for everybody. It doesn't matter if your phone is old and dilapidated, anyway you will jus be suing it to call and inquire about wholesale cell phones. Once you do the manufacturers will also offer you portable batteries and rechargeable batteries.<br />
 If you are searching for inexpensive wholesale cell phones the internet is a proven place to search and explore considerably cheap <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a>. You will also have less time researching about where can you find a good deal since the internet can carry it all. Just like for example if you just type the word wholesale cell phones in Google or yahoo search, you will get millions of wholesale cell phones providers and manufacturers from all over the world. Approaching the manufacturers and suppliers is also very easy than approaching the store owner. You can do business with them in a matter of minutes.<br />
Wholesale Cell Phones and Accessories, What To Consider?<br />
 Wholesale cell phones in internet are also competitive.Many kinds of cell phones in internet like <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a> Since there is close competition in the internet, you will surely find a good deal, cheap phones yet quality phones. In fact there are many reasons why wholesale cell phones in the internet are offered at very affordable prices, though you also have to be careful since the internet world is swallowed by corrupt persons and scams.<br />
I guess you are already aware of this. Do not trust wholesale cell phones to any sites that are not trusted yet if you do not want to lose your money for nothing. But wholesale cell phones in the internet only in trusted web sites.<br />
 <br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[A cell phone which has low battery is useless no matter how expensive they maybe and it becomes even more irritating when you left your charger and the phone battery is totally dead. Since you need your <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a> in almost all of your everyday activities, home or office, its significant of having good and worthwhile batteries is important. It is wither you carry two cell phones or you carry a lot of batteries in case an emergency strikes you.<br />
 Wholesale cell phones are for everybody. It doesn't matter if your phone is old and dilapidated, anyway you will jus be suing it to call and inquire about wholesale cell phones. Once you do the manufacturers will also offer you portable batteries and rechargeable batteries.<br />
 If you are searching for inexpensive wholesale cell phones the internet is a proven place to search and explore considerably cheap <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a>. You will also have less time researching about where can you find a good deal since the internet can carry it all. Just like for example if you just type the word wholesale cell phones in Google or yahoo search, you will get millions of wholesale cell phones providers and manufacturers from all over the world. Approaching the manufacturers and suppliers is also very easy than approaching the store owner. You can do business with them in a matter of minutes.<br />
Wholesale Cell Phones and Accessories, What To Consider?<br />
 Wholesale cell phones in internet are also competitive.Many kinds of cell phones in internet like <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a> Since there is close competition in the internet, you will surely find a good deal, cheap phones yet quality phones. In fact there are many reasons why wholesale cell phones in the internet are offered at very affordable prices, though you also have to be careful since the internet world is swallowed by corrupt persons and scams.<br />
I guess you are already aware of this. Do not trust wholesale cell phones to any sites that are not trusted yet if you do not want to lose your money for nothing. But wholesale cell phones in the internet only in trusted web sites.<br />
 <br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[What Is Involved In Wholesale Cell Phone Accessories]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-What-Is-Involved-In-Wholesale-Cell-Phone-Accessories</link>
			<pubDate>Mon, 23 May 2011 19:07:37 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-What-Is-Involved-In-Wholesale-Cell-Phone-Accessories</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Evidently if you try hard to keep up with the market trends, you will definitely dip deep into your pocket every month. Therefore, the clever option to run after the new trends and stay stylish is to go wholesale. You can purchase <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> accessories at really cheap price and a huge variety. No matter how fast moving your taste is, the bulk variety of wholesale cell phone accessories will come up with your requirements and you will be able to enjoy new panel board or leather covering for your hand phone every next day.<br />
Though there are a number of products that are sold in the line of wholesale cell phone accessories, there are hardly any which are available with large quantities. Virtually every single cell phone owner of many age groups simply cannot tear themselvies away from the fine-looking wholesale handphone accessories. The accessories principally consist of mobile phone straps and belt-pouches which are needed for your convenience. Some stylish mobile phone belt clips are able to be be attatched to your belt giving you a fashionable look with an attractive handphone inside. Mobile phone  cases, case or pouches are also a little alike belt cases simply not hooked with your waistband. <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>  covering are sold-out in large amounts with a large assortment. Dependent Upon your taste and mood you can make a change of the covering of your cell phone . Mobile phone  cases comes in a great variety of various material and fabrics. If you get cell phones covers from wholesale mobile phone accessories, in that case you will come by a great variety.<br />
Car Kits and Car Battery Chargers:<br />
Mobile phone car kits and automobile chargers are very critical items required by a professional. It's usual to overlook your cell phone being charged at midnight. Nor it is desirable to put your mobile phone on recharging for a whole night nor have you adequate time early the morning to put your mobile phone on recharging. Consequently cell phone car charger is a very significant thing for handphone accessories. In the case that you're a retailer then you need get mobile phone auto kits and auto chargers in your store. Such products are sold-out in mass amount and can become the reason for bulk earnings of your shop.<br />
Handphone battery chargers:<br />
Although not bought for the purpose of keeping up with trends, but still mobile phone chargers or adaptors are of immense need by many people. Handphone chargers are asked for by individuals who either have lost their cell phone charger or the charger has become damaged due to any reason. Cell phone battery chargers also consist of a large portion of profits of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> accessories.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Evidently if you try hard to keep up with the market trends, you will definitely dip deep into your pocket every month. Therefore, the clever option to run after the new trends and stay stylish is to go wholesale. You can purchase <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> accessories at really cheap price and a huge variety. No matter how fast moving your taste is, the bulk variety of wholesale cell phone accessories will come up with your requirements and you will be able to enjoy new panel board or leather covering for your hand phone every next day.<br />
Though there are a number of products that are sold in the line of wholesale cell phone accessories, there are hardly any which are available with large quantities. Virtually every single cell phone owner of many age groups simply cannot tear themselvies away from the fine-looking wholesale handphone accessories. The accessories principally consist of mobile phone straps and belt-pouches which are needed for your convenience. Some stylish mobile phone belt clips are able to be be attatched to your belt giving you a fashionable look with an attractive handphone inside. Mobile phone  cases, case or pouches are also a little alike belt cases simply not hooked with your waistband. <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a>  covering are sold-out in large amounts with a large assortment. Dependent Upon your taste and mood you can make a change of the covering of your cell phone . Mobile phone  cases comes in a great variety of various material and fabrics. If you get cell phones covers from wholesale mobile phone accessories, in that case you will come by a great variety.<br />
Car Kits and Car Battery Chargers:<br />
Mobile phone car kits and automobile chargers are very critical items required by a professional. It's usual to overlook your cell phone being charged at midnight. Nor it is desirable to put your mobile phone on recharging for a whole night nor have you adequate time early the morning to put your mobile phone on recharging. Consequently cell phone car charger is a very significant thing for handphone accessories. In the case that you're a retailer then you need get mobile phone auto kits and auto chargers in your store. Such products are sold-out in mass amount and can become the reason for bulk earnings of your shop.<br />
Handphone battery chargers:<br />
Although not bought for the purpose of keeping up with trends, but still mobile phone chargers or adaptors are of immense need by many people. Handphone chargers are asked for by individuals who either have lost their cell phone charger or the charger has become damaged due to any reason. Cell phone battery chargers also consist of a large portion of profits of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a> accessories.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[Wholesale Cell Phones - Getting The Best Deals]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Wholesale-Cell-Phones-Getting-The-Best-Deals</link>
			<pubDate>Sun, 15 May 2011 19:12:57 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Wholesale-Cell-Phones-Getting-The-Best-Deals</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[If you are looking for the best deals on cellphones you have to go for <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a>. You will definitely find the wholesale cell phones and wholesale cell phone accessories affordable and a value for your money. Some wholesale cell phone providers give out products at almost 60-70% lesser price than the retail value. You will be able to find many wholesale cell phones and unlocked cell phones dealers providing inexpensive cellphones and accessories. Some suggestions from where you might get wholesale cell phones are given below.<br />
Online Wholesalers<br />
You may be able to find a wholesale supplier for your wholesale cell phones and cell phone accessories from the internet. It is just a matter of time that you find a good and trusted bulk provider who have wide ranges of various cell phones and wholesale cell phone accessories. They offer cellular phones for wholesale prices. The varieties also include GSM <br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a>.<br />
Wholesale cell phones and accessories at trade shows<br />
There are many wholesale cell phone and cell phone accessories show held annually. Shows like this are targeted specially for retailers. The wholesale is good for both the wholesaler and retailer. The wholesaler makes a small margin profit on every piece while retailer earns by <br />
selling the product at retail price. You can get hold of many different types of phones like GSM cell phones or even unlocked cellular phones, which are preferred widely.<br />
Benefit of unlocked cellular phones<br />
People do not like to get tied up on to one network provider. They would prefer whatever suits them. This has given way for business of unlocked cellular phones which is growing day by day. This enables the users to use the cellphones on other networks. You could also stock some of these <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>, as they are a sure seller.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[If you are looking for the best deals on cellphones you have to go for <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a>. You will definitely find the wholesale cell phones and wholesale cell phone accessories affordable and a value for your money. Some wholesale cell phone providers give out products at almost 60-70% lesser price than the retail value. You will be able to find many wholesale cell phones and unlocked cell phones dealers providing inexpensive cellphones and accessories. Some suggestions from where you might get wholesale cell phones are given below.<br />
Online Wholesalers<br />
You may be able to find a wholesale supplier for your wholesale cell phones and cell phone accessories from the internet. It is just a matter of time that you find a good and trusted bulk provider who have wide ranges of various cell phones and wholesale cell phone accessories. They offer cellular phones for wholesale prices. The varieties also include GSM <br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a>.<br />
Wholesale cell phones and accessories at trade shows<br />
There are many wholesale cell phone and cell phone accessories show held annually. Shows like this are targeted specially for retailers. The wholesale is good for both the wholesaler and retailer. The wholesaler makes a small margin profit on every piece while retailer earns by <br />
selling the product at retail price. You can get hold of many different types of phones like GSM cell phones or even unlocked cellular phones, which are preferred widely.<br />
Benefit of unlocked cellular phones<br />
People do not like to get tied up on to one network provider. They would prefer whatever suits them. This has given way for business of unlocked cellular phones which is growing day by day. This enables the users to use the cellphones on other networks. You could also stock some of these <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>, as they are a sure seller.<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[ Cheap Unlocked Cell Phones]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Cheap-Unlocked-Cell-Phones</link>
			<pubDate>Wed, 11 May 2011 20:08:58 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Cheap-Unlocked-Cell-Phones</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Cellular phones are splendid, no one can argue with that. There are so lots of unique styles out there! It doesn't matter what type you want. It could be <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>, or it could be an old style flip phone. So a lot of choices, but so few carriers have the one you want. This is a disappointment and an inconvenience to lots of that would like to use one phone on another network. The difficulty is that lots of of them are locked.<br />
<br />
So why wouldn't a person simply use the network that goes with the phone? There could be tons of different reasons. Perhaps they have an marvelous balance or perhaps they merely do not love that network. Keep in mind, it's all a matter of liking really!<br />
Here you can buy Cheap  <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<br />
Because people would like to use their cell phone on any network, a new kind of business has popped up that involves unlocking phones and making them usable on said networks. For example, an iPhone could be made to work on Cricket if one was bored enough. The difficulty is that unlocked phones are incredibly expensive. You could pay up to five hundred dollars for some of the more popular <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a>. In other cases you might end up paying ten thousand.<br />
<br />
But with this expense comes an prospect for you to make a profit! Can you imagine? It is actually possible to buy these unlocked phones in a wholesale manner. This seems like quite a bit of money, but think of what you can charge your consumers. The amazing part is that they will actually pay that kind of money to HAVE an unlocked phone!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Cellular phones are splendid, no one can argue with that. There are so lots of unique styles out there! It doesn't matter what type you want. It could be <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>, or it could be an old style flip phone. So a lot of choices, but so few carriers have the one you want. This is a disappointment and an inconvenience to lots of that would like to use one phone on another network. The difficulty is that lots of of them are locked.<br />
<br />
So why wouldn't a person simply use the network that goes with the phone? There could be tons of different reasons. Perhaps they have an marvelous balance or perhaps they merely do not love that network. Keep in mind, it's all a matter of liking really!<br />
Here you can buy Cheap  <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">Wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<br />
Because people would like to use their cell phone on any network, a new kind of business has popped up that involves unlocking phones and making them usable on said networks. For example, an iPhone could be made to work on Cricket if one was bored enough. The difficulty is that unlocked phones are incredibly expensive. You could pay up to five hundred dollars for some of the more popular <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones</a>. In other cases you might end up paying ten thousand.<br />
<br />
But with this expense comes an prospect for you to make a profit! Can you imagine? It is actually possible to buy these unlocked phones in a wholesale manner. This seems like quite a bit of money, but think of what you can charge your consumers. The amazing part is that they will actually pay that kind of money to HAVE an unlocked phone!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
<a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360" target="_blank">cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a><br />
<a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a><br />
<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[It is easy to buy a cheap unlocked cell phones]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-It-is-easy-to-buy-a-cheap-unlocked-cell-phones</link>
			<pubDate>Thu, 28 Apr 2011 20:10:01 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-It-is-easy-to-buy-a-cheap-unlocked-cell-phones</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Many of us must be aware of the concept of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>.For it is  becoming more and more common and a growing number of people are using today. A locked phone is a phone that is tied or "locked" to a specific service provider and can only be used on the network provided for them. On the other hand, an unlocked cell phone is a phone that is not linked or "closed" to any service provider and can be used with service providers around the world different. <br />
        In Asia almost 80 percent of all the mobile phones sold are unlocked. If you wanna buy unlocked <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones for cheap</a>, you must google the website sztrades.com , there are so many kind of cell phone on it, you can always find the favorite one.<br />
       Besides,this webside also <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a>, you <br />
can get more benefits from wholesale.And pay the money by payble, it is a safety way to buy goods from internet.<br />
      sztrades.com  is the easy and safe website to buy your unlocked cell phones. <br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
[url= <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360%5Dcell" target="_blank">http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360]cell</a> phones[/url][url= <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">http://www.sztrades.com</a>]unlocked cell phones[/url][url= <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">http://www.sztrades.com</a>]wholesale cell phones[/url]<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Many of us must be aware of the concept of <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">unlocked cell phones</a>.For it is  becoming more and more common and a growing number of people are using today. A locked phone is a phone that is tied or "locked" to a specific service provider and can only be used on the network provided for them. On the other hand, an unlocked cell phone is a phone that is not linked or "closed" to any service provider and can be used with service providers around the world different. <br />
        In Asia almost 80 percent of all the mobile phones sold are unlocked. If you wanna buy unlocked <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">cell phones for cheap</a>, you must google the website sztrades.com , there are so many kind of cell phone on it, you can always find the favorite one.<br />
       Besides,this webside also <a href="http://www.sztrades.com/" target="_blank">wholesale cell phones</a>, you <br />
can get more benefits from wholesale.And pay the money by payble, it is a safety way to buy goods from internet.<br />
      sztrades.com  is the easy and safe website to buy your unlocked cell phones. <br />
<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
[url= <a href="http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360%5Dcell" target="_blank">http://www.aliexpress.com/fm-store/405360]cell</a> phones[/url][url= <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">http://www.sztrades.com</a>]unlocked cell phones[/url][url= <a href="http://www.sztrades.com" target="_blank">http://www.sztrades.com</a>]wholesale cell phones[/url]<img src="http://gb.cri.cn/mmsource/images/2008/06/17/ec080617040.jpg" border="0" alt="[Image: ec080617040.jpg]" />]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[substation automation]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-substation-automation</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:24:46 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-substation-automation</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[The following is a selected list of recent papers related to the substation automation:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Papers In Journals<br />
<br />
1. M. Kezunovic, Z. Ren, G. Latisko, D.R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, ?Automated Monitoring and Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation,? IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp 1910-1918, July 2005<br />
2. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Developing Future Substation Automation Strategies: Selecting Apprpriate IEDs and Developing New Applications,? International Energy Journal, Special Issue: Cogeneration, Distributed Generation, Distribution System and Power Quality, and DSM and Energy Efficiency, Vol. 6, No. 1, Pt. 3, pp 3-151-3-162, June 2005<br />
3. S. Luo, M. Kezunovic, D.R. Sevcik, ?Locating Faults in the Transmission Network Using Sparse Field Measurements, Simulation Data and Genetic Algorithms,? Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 71, No. 2, October 2004.<br />
4. M. Kezunovic, A. Abur, A. Edris, D. ?obajic, ?Data Integration/Exchange Part II: Future Technical and Business Opportunities,? IEEE Power &#x26; Energy Magazine, pp 24-29, May/June 2004<br />
5. M. Kezunovic, A. Abur, A. Ednis, D. Sobajic, ?Data Integration/Exchange Part I: Existing Technical and Business Opportunities,? IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, pp 14 - 19, March/April 2004<br />
6. M. Kezunovic, ?Distribution of Architecture and Allocation of Functions in an Integrated Microprocessor - Based Substation Control and Protection System,? IFAC Proceedings Series, No. 1: Real Time Digital Control Applications, Editor Alonso-Conchero, Pergamon Press, 1984<br />
7. M. Kezunovic, ?A System Approach to the Design of an Integrated Microprocessor Based Substation Control and Protection System,? IFAC Proceedings Series, No. 6: Control Science and Technology for the Progress of Society, pp S2985-2991, Editor H. Akashi, Pergamon Press, 1982<br />
8. M. Kezunovic, ?Hardware, Software and Communication Requirements of an Integrated Substation Control and Protection System,? Bulletin A.I.M., Vol. 94, No. 4, pp. 157-162, Belgium, 1981<br />
9. M. Kezunovic, ?Digital Computer Based Systems for Protection and Control,? Elektroprivreda, No. 1-2, pp. 29-33, Beograd, Yugoslavia, 1981 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
<br />
Papers In Proceeding of Refereed Conferences<br />
<br />
1. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, M. Knezev, T. Popovic, ?Automation of Fault Analysis: Implementation Approaches and Related Benefits,? International Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 07, Hong Kong, July, 2007<br />
2. A. Shapoury, M. Kezunovic, ?Noise Profile of Wireless Channels in High Voltage Substations,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
3. M. Kezunovic, ?Use of Intelligent Techniques for Analysis of Faults and Protective Relay Operations,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
4. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Substation Data Integration for Automated Data Analysis Systems,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
5. M. Knezev, Z. Djekic, M. Kezunovic, ?Automated Circuit Breaker Monitoring,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
6. S. Natti, M. Kezunovic, ?Transmission System Equipment Maintenance: On-line Use of Circuit Breaker Condition Data,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
7. P. Zhang, C. Huo, M. Kezunovic, ?A Novel Measure of Component Importance Considering Cost for All-Digital Protection Systems,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
8. M. Kezunovic, D. R. Sevcik, R. Lunsford, T. Popovic, ?Integration and Use of Substation Data,? Fault and Disturbance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, May 2007<br />
9. M. Kezunovic, D. R. Sevcik, R. Lunsford, T. Popovic, ?Integration of Substation Data,? Texas A&#x26;M Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, College Station, Texas, March 2007<br />
10. P. Zhang, L. Portillo, M. Kezunovic, ?Reliability and Component Importance Analysis of All-Digital Protection Systems,? IEEE 2006 PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, Atlanta, GA, November 2006<br />
11. M. Kezunovic, ?Future Uses of Substation Data,? 7th International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management - APSCOM 2006, Hong Kong, October/November 2006<br />
12. M. Kezunovic, S. Natti, ?Risk Based Maintenance Approach: A Case of Circuit Breaker Condition Based Monitoring,? 3rd International CIGRE Workshop on Liberalization and Modernization of Power Systems, Irkutsk, Russia, August 2006<br />
13. M. Kezunovic, A. Edris, D. Sevcik, J. Ciufo, A. Sabouda, ?Automated Monitoring of Substation Equipment Performance and Maintenance Needs Using Synchronized Sampling,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostics Conference, San Diego, CA, July 2006<br />
14. S. Natti, M. Kezunovic, C. Singh, ?Sensitivity Analysis on the Probabilistic Maintenance Model of Circuit Breaker,? 9th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, Stockholm, Sweden, June 11-15, 2006<br />
15. N. Zhang, M. Kezunovic, ?Complete Fault Analysis for Long Transmission Line Using Synchronized Sampling,? 2006 IFAC Symposium on Power Plants and Power Systems Control, Kananaskis, Canada, June 2006<br />
16. N. Zhang, Kezunovic, ?Improving Real-time Fault Analysis and Validating Relay Operations to Prevent or Mitigate Cascading Blackouts,? IEEE 2005 PES Transmission &#x26; Distribution Conference &#x26; Exposition, Dallas, Texas, May 2006<br />
17. M. Kezunovic, S. Natti, ?Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics Using Operational and Non-Operational Data,,? International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis, Changwon, Korea, April 2-5, 2006<br />
18. M. Kezunovic, ?Monitoring of Power System Topology in Real-Time,? Hawaii Int?l. Conference on System Sciences, HICCS-39, Poipu, Kauai, January 2006<br />
19. X. Luo, M. Kezunovic, ?An Expert System for Diagnosis of Digital Relay Operation,? 13th Conference on Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems, Washington DC, USA, November 2005<br />
20. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, ?Requirements Specification for and Evaluation of an Automated Substation Monitoring System,? CIGRE 2005, Calgary, Canada, September 2005<br />
21. M. Kezunovic, T. Djokic, T. Kostic, ?Robust Topology Determination Based on Additional Substation Data from IEDs,? PowerTech 2005, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 2005<br />
22. Y. Wu and M. Kezunovic, ?Automatic Simulation of IED Measurements for Substation Data Integration Studies,? IEEE PES 2005 General Meeting, San Francisco, California, June 2005<br />
23. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, ?Automated Monitoring Functions for Improved Power System Operation and Control,? IEEE PES 2005 General Meeting, San Francisco, California, June 2005<br />
24. T. Kostic, C. Frei, O. Preiss, M. Kezunovic, ?Possible Ways of Data Exchange Using Standards IEC 61850 and IEC 61970,? JUKO CIGRE, Zlatibor, Serbia and Montenegro, June 2005<br />
25. M. Kezunovic, B. Lunsford, J. Lucey, D. Sevcik, M. Bruckner, T. Popovic, ?Automated Analysis Using IED-Recorded Data: Implementation and Integration,? Fault and Disturbance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, May 2005<br />
26. M. Kezunovic, N. A. Ved, ?Circuit Breaker On-Line Monitoring Using Wireless Communications,? Wireless Technologies in the Power Industry, Toronto, Canada, May 2005<br />
27. J. Ciufo, K. Rolston, M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, A. Edris, ?Requirements for Automated Analysis of Substation Data,? North American Transmission and Distribution Conference &#x26; Expo, Toronto, Canada, May 2005<br />
28. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, N. Ved, ?Real-Time Monitoring and Assessment of Circuit Breaker Operations for Diagnostics and Control Applications,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostics Conference XIII, New Orleans, Louisiana, March, 2005<br />
29. M. Kezunovic, T. Djokic, T. Kostic, ?Automated Monitoring and Control Using New Data Integration Paradigm,? Hawaii Int?l. Conference on System Sciences, HICCS-38, Waikoloa, Hawaii, January 2005<br />
30. S. Natti, P. Jirutitijaroen, M. Kezunovic, C. Singh, ?Circuit Breaker and Transformer Inspection and Maintenance: Probabilistic Models,? 8 th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, September 2004<br />
31. T. Kostic, C. Fei, O. Preiss, M. Kezunovic, ?Scenarios for Data Exchange Using Standards IEC 61970 and IEC 61850,? UCA Users Group Meeting, Paris, France, September 2004<br />
32. M. Kezunovic, H. Taylor, ?New Solutions for Substation Sensing, Signal Processing and Decision Making,? Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS-37, Waikoloa Vilage, Hawaii, January 2004<br />
33. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Developing Future Substation Automation Strategies: Selecting Appropriate IEDs and Developing New Applications,? Electric Supply Industry in Transition: Issues and Prospects for Asia, Bangkok, Thailand, January 2004<br />
34. A. Shapoury, M. Kezunovic, ?Field Survey of Wireless ISM-Based Channel Properties for Substation Applications,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 2003<br />
35. S. Jakovljevic, M. Kezunovic, ?Software for Enhanced Monitoring in Integrated Substations,? Power Tech 2003, Bologna, Italy, June 2003<br />
36. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, Z. Ren, D. Sevcik, J. Lucey, E. Koch, W. Cook, ?Automated Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation,? 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution - CIRED 2003, Barcelona, Spain, May 2003<br />
37. D. R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, M. Kezunovic, Z. Ren, G. Latisko, ?Automated Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operations,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostic Conference, New Orleans, Lousiana, February 2003<br />
38. M. Kezunovic, X. Xu, D. Wong, ?Improving Circuit Breaker Maintenance Management Tasks by Applying Mobile Agent Software Technology,? IEEE/PES T&#x26;D 2002 Asia Pacific Conference, Yokohama, Japan, October 2002<br />
39. M. Kezunovic, C. Nail. Z. Ren, D.R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, ?Automated Circuit Breaker Monitoring,? IEEE PES Summer Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, July 2002<br />
40. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Integration of Data and Exchange of Information in Advanced LAN/Web Based DFR Systems,? Fault and Disturbance Analysis Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, April 2002<br />
41. M. Kezunovic, ? Future Requirements for Digital Substations Control and Protection Systems,? SEE Conference, Paris, France, March 1997<br />
42. M. Kezunovic, A. Newbould, C.G.A. Koreman, S. Lemmer, ? Configuration and Integration of Substation Secondary Equipment,? 1996 CIGRE Session, Paris, France, August 1996<br />
43. B. Perunicic, M. Kezunovic, E. Soljanin, S. Levi, ? Digital Metering of Active and Reactive Power in Nonsinusoidal Conditions Using Bilinear Forms of Voltage and Current Samples,? IEEE Symposium On Networks, Systems and Signal Processing, Zagreb, Croatia, June 28-July 1, 1989<br />
44. M. Kezunovic, ? Integrated Solutions for Relaying, Local and Remote Control in H.V. Substations,? VII Symposium on Control and Informatics Applications in Electric Utilities in Yugoslavia,, Cavtat, Croatia, November 1988 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
45. M. Kezunovic, S. Vidakovic, J. Rogan, B. Stantic, ? Communication Subsystem of an Integrated Control and Protection System,? XX Conference ETAN, Herceg Novi, Yugoslavia, June 1986 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
46. M. Kezunovic, ? Impact of the Integrated Protection and Control System on the Design Requirements for the RTU-s,? IV Symposium VAES, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1985 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
47. M. Kezunovic, ?A Protocol for Peer to Peer Communications on a Serial Data Highway,? Eurocon 84 6th Conference on Electrotechnics, Brighton, United Kingdom, September 1984<br />
48. M. Kezunovic, ? Integrated Microprocessor-Based Systems for Data Acquisition, Control and Protection of Electric Power Substations,? 8th PSCC, Helsinki, Finland, August 1984<br />
49. M. Kezunovic, ? An Improved Data Highway Access Control System,? XXVIII Conference ETAN, Split, Croatia, June 1984 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
50. M. Kezunovic, ? Functional Characteristics and Architectures of a Complex Microprocessor-Based System for Control and Data Acquisition in Electric Power Substations,? Symposium Informatica, Jahorina, Bosnia, April 1983 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
51. S. Vidakovic, M. Kezunovic, ? Local Area Networks as a Communication Subsystem of Microprocessor-Based Process Control Systems,? Symposium ISEMEC, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1982 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
52. M. Kezunovic, ? Architectures of Distributed Microprocessor-Based Systems for Electric Power Substation Applications,? Symposium Informatica, Jahorina, Bosnia, March 1982 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
53. M. Kezunovic, ? Design Criteria for Microprocessor-Based Distributed Process Control Systems,? Symposium ISEMEC, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1981 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
54. J.S. Deliyannides, M. Kezunovic, T.H. Schwalenstocker, ? An Integrated Microprocessor Based Substation Protection and Control System,? IEE Conference Publ. No. 187: Developments in Power System Monitoring and Control, IEE, London, England, April 1980<br />
<br />
For Further more Redad this Link<br />
<a href="http://www.ece.tamu.edu/~pscp/sapublications.htm" target="_blank">http://www.ece.tamu.edu/~pscp/sapublications.htm</a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[The following is a selected list of recent papers related to the substation automation:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Papers In Journals<br />
<br />
1. M. Kezunovic, Z. Ren, G. Latisko, D.R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, ?Automated Monitoring and Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation,? IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp 1910-1918, July 2005<br />
2. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Developing Future Substation Automation Strategies: Selecting Apprpriate IEDs and Developing New Applications,? International Energy Journal, Special Issue: Cogeneration, Distributed Generation, Distribution System and Power Quality, and DSM and Energy Efficiency, Vol. 6, No. 1, Pt. 3, pp 3-151-3-162, June 2005<br />
3. S. Luo, M. Kezunovic, D.R. Sevcik, ?Locating Faults in the Transmission Network Using Sparse Field Measurements, Simulation Data and Genetic Algorithms,? Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 71, No. 2, October 2004.<br />
4. M. Kezunovic, A. Abur, A. Edris, D. ?obajic, ?Data Integration/Exchange Part II: Future Technical and Business Opportunities,? IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, pp 24-29, May/June 2004<br />
5. M. Kezunovic, A. Abur, A. Ednis, D. Sobajic, ?Data Integration/Exchange Part I: Existing Technical and Business Opportunities,? IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, pp 14 - 19, March/April 2004<br />
6. M. Kezunovic, ?Distribution of Architecture and Allocation of Functions in an Integrated Microprocessor - Based Substation Control and Protection System,? IFAC Proceedings Series, No. 1: Real Time Digital Control Applications, Editor Alonso-Conchero, Pergamon Press, 1984<br />
7. M. Kezunovic, ?A System Approach to the Design of an Integrated Microprocessor Based Substation Control and Protection System,? IFAC Proceedings Series, No. 6: Control Science and Technology for the Progress of Society, pp S2985-2991, Editor H. Akashi, Pergamon Press, 1982<br />
8. M. Kezunovic, ?Hardware, Software and Communication Requirements of an Integrated Substation Control and Protection System,? Bulletin A.I.M., Vol. 94, No. 4, pp. 157-162, Belgium, 1981<br />
9. M. Kezunovic, ?Digital Computer Based Systems for Protection and Control,? Elektroprivreda, No. 1-2, pp. 29-33, Beograd, Yugoslavia, 1981 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
<br />
Papers In Proceeding of Refereed Conferences<br />
<br />
1. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, M. Knezev, T. Popovic, ?Automation of Fault Analysis: Implementation Approaches and Related Benefits,? International Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 07, Hong Kong, July, 2007<br />
2. A. Shapoury, M. Kezunovic, ?Noise Profile of Wireless Channels in High Voltage Substations,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
3. M. Kezunovic, ?Use of Intelligent Techniques for Analysis of Faults and Protective Relay Operations,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
4. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Substation Data Integration for Automated Data Analysis Systems,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
5. M. Knezev, Z. Djekic, M. Kezunovic, ?Automated Circuit Breaker Monitoring,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
6. S. Natti, M. Kezunovic, ?Transmission System Equipment Maintenance: On-line Use of Circuit Breaker Condition Data,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
7. P. Zhang, C. Huo, M. Kezunovic, ?A Novel Measure of Component Importance Considering Cost for All-Digital Protection Systems,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007<br />
8. M. Kezunovic, D. R. Sevcik, R. Lunsford, T. Popovic, ?Integration and Use of Substation Data,? Fault and Disturbance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, May 2007<br />
9. M. Kezunovic, D. R. Sevcik, R. Lunsford, T. Popovic, ?Integration of Substation Data,? Texas A&M Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, College Station, Texas, March 2007<br />
10. P. Zhang, L. Portillo, M. Kezunovic, ?Reliability and Component Importance Analysis of All-Digital Protection Systems,? IEEE 2006 PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, Atlanta, GA, November 2006<br />
11. M. Kezunovic, ?Future Uses of Substation Data,? 7th International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management - APSCOM 2006, Hong Kong, October/November 2006<br />
12. M. Kezunovic, S. Natti, ?Risk Based Maintenance Approach: A Case of Circuit Breaker Condition Based Monitoring,? 3rd International CIGRE Workshop on Liberalization and Modernization of Power Systems, Irkutsk, Russia, August 2006<br />
13. M. Kezunovic, A. Edris, D. Sevcik, J. Ciufo, A. Sabouda, ?Automated Monitoring of Substation Equipment Performance and Maintenance Needs Using Synchronized Sampling,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostics Conference, San Diego, CA, July 2006<br />
14. S. Natti, M. Kezunovic, C. Singh, ?Sensitivity Analysis on the Probabilistic Maintenance Model of Circuit Breaker,? 9th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, Stockholm, Sweden, June 11-15, 2006<br />
15. N. Zhang, M. Kezunovic, ?Complete Fault Analysis for Long Transmission Line Using Synchronized Sampling,? 2006 IFAC Symposium on Power Plants and Power Systems Control, Kananaskis, Canada, June 2006<br />
16. N. Zhang, Kezunovic, ?Improving Real-time Fault Analysis and Validating Relay Operations to Prevent or Mitigate Cascading Blackouts,? IEEE 2005 PES Transmission & Distribution Conference & Exposition, Dallas, Texas, May 2006<br />
17. M. Kezunovic, S. Natti, ?Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics Using Operational and Non-Operational Data,,? International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis, Changwon, Korea, April 2-5, 2006<br />
18. M. Kezunovic, ?Monitoring of Power System Topology in Real-Time,? Hawaii Int?l. Conference on System Sciences, HICCS-39, Poipu, Kauai, January 2006<br />
19. X. Luo, M. Kezunovic, ?An Expert System for Diagnosis of Digital Relay Operation,? 13th Conference on Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems, Washington DC, USA, November 2005<br />
20. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, ?Requirements Specification for and Evaluation of an Automated Substation Monitoring System,? CIGRE 2005, Calgary, Canada, September 2005<br />
21. M. Kezunovic, T. Djokic, T. Kostic, ?Robust Topology Determination Based on Additional Substation Data from IEDs,? PowerTech 2005, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 2005<br />
22. Y. Wu and M. Kezunovic, ?Automatic Simulation of IED Measurements for Substation Data Integration Studies,? IEEE PES 2005 General Meeting, San Francisco, California, June 2005<br />
23. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, ?Automated Monitoring Functions for Improved Power System Operation and Control,? IEEE PES 2005 General Meeting, San Francisco, California, June 2005<br />
24. T. Kostic, C. Frei, O. Preiss, M. Kezunovic, ?Possible Ways of Data Exchange Using Standards IEC 61850 and IEC 61970,? JUKO CIGRE, Zlatibor, Serbia and Montenegro, June 2005<br />
25. M. Kezunovic, B. Lunsford, J. Lucey, D. Sevcik, M. Bruckner, T. Popovic, ?Automated Analysis Using IED-Recorded Data: Implementation and Integration,? Fault and Disturbance Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, May 2005<br />
26. M. Kezunovic, N. A. Ved, ?Circuit Breaker On-Line Monitoring Using Wireless Communications,? Wireless Technologies in the Power Industry, Toronto, Canada, May 2005<br />
27. J. Ciufo, K. Rolston, M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, A. Edris, ?Requirements for Automated Analysis of Substation Data,? North American Transmission and Distribution Conference & Expo, Toronto, Canada, May 2005<br />
28. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, N. Ved, ?Real-Time Monitoring and Assessment of Circuit Breaker Operations for Diagnostics and Control Applications,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostics Conference XIII, New Orleans, Louisiana, March, 2005<br />
29. M. Kezunovic, T. Djokic, T. Kostic, ?Automated Monitoring and Control Using New Data Integration Paradigm,? Hawaii Int?l. Conference on System Sciences, HICCS-38, Waikoloa, Hawaii, January 2005<br />
30. S. Natti, P. Jirutitijaroen, M. Kezunovic, C. Singh, ?Circuit Breaker and Transformer Inspection and Maintenance: Probabilistic Models,? 8 th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, September 2004<br />
31. T. Kostic, C. Fei, O. Preiss, M. Kezunovic, ?Scenarios for Data Exchange Using Standards IEC 61970 and IEC 61850,? UCA Users Group Meeting, Paris, France, September 2004<br />
32. M. Kezunovic, H. Taylor, ?New Solutions for Substation Sensing, Signal Processing and Decision Making,? Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS-37, Waikoloa Vilage, Hawaii, January 2004<br />
33. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Developing Future Substation Automation Strategies: Selecting Appropriate IEDs and Developing New Applications,? Electric Supply Industry in Transition: Issues and Prospects for Asia, Bangkok, Thailand, January 2004<br />
34. A. Shapoury, M. Kezunovic, ?Field Survey of Wireless ISM-Based Channel Properties for Substation Applications,? IEEE PES General Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 2003<br />
35. S. Jakovljevic, M. Kezunovic, ?Software for Enhanced Monitoring in Integrated Substations,? Power Tech 2003, Bologna, Italy, June 2003<br />
36. M. Kezunovic, G. Latisko, Z. Ren, D. Sevcik, J. Lucey, E. Koch, W. Cook, ?Automated Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation,? 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution - CIRED 2003, Barcelona, Spain, May 2003<br />
37. D. R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, M. Kezunovic, Z. Ren, G. Latisko, ?Automated Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operations,? EPRI Substation Equipment Diagnostic Conference, New Orleans, Lousiana, February 2003<br />
38. M. Kezunovic, X. Xu, D. Wong, ?Improving Circuit Breaker Maintenance Management Tasks by Applying Mobile Agent Software Technology,? IEEE/PES T&D 2002 Asia Pacific Conference, Yokohama, Japan, October 2002<br />
39. M. Kezunovic, C. Nail. Z. Ren, D.R. Sevcik, J. Lucey, W. Cook, E. Koch, ?Automated Circuit Breaker Monitoring,? IEEE PES Summer Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, July 2002<br />
40. M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, ?Integration of Data and Exchange of Information in Advanced LAN/Web Based DFR Systems,? Fault and Disturbance Analysis Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, April 2002<br />
41. M. Kezunovic, ? Future Requirements for Digital Substations Control and Protection Systems,? SEE Conference, Paris, France, March 1997<br />
42. M. Kezunovic, A. Newbould, C.G.A. Koreman, S. Lemmer, ? Configuration and Integration of Substation Secondary Equipment,? 1996 CIGRE Session, Paris, France, August 1996<br />
43. B. Perunicic, M. Kezunovic, E. Soljanin, S. Levi, ? Digital Metering of Active and Reactive Power in Nonsinusoidal Conditions Using Bilinear Forms of Voltage and Current Samples,? IEEE Symposium On Networks, Systems and Signal Processing, Zagreb, Croatia, June 28-July 1, 1989<br />
44. M. Kezunovic, ? Integrated Solutions for Relaying, Local and Remote Control in H.V. Substations,? VII Symposium on Control and Informatics Applications in Electric Utilities in Yugoslavia,, Cavtat, Croatia, November 1988 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
45. M. Kezunovic, S. Vidakovic, J. Rogan, B. Stantic, ? Communication Subsystem of an Integrated Control and Protection System,? XX Conference ETAN, Herceg Novi, Yugoslavia, June 1986 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
46. M. Kezunovic, ? Impact of the Integrated Protection and Control System on the Design Requirements for the RTU-s,? IV Symposium VAES, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1985 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
47. M. Kezunovic, ?A Protocol for Peer to Peer Communications on a Serial Data Highway,? Eurocon 84 6th Conference on Electrotechnics, Brighton, United Kingdom, September 1984<br />
48. M. Kezunovic, ? Integrated Microprocessor-Based Systems for Data Acquisition, Control and Protection of Electric Power Substations,? 8th PSCC, Helsinki, Finland, August 1984<br />
49. M. Kezunovic, ? An Improved Data Highway Access Control System,? XXVIII Conference ETAN, Split, Croatia, June 1984 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
50. M. Kezunovic, ? Functional Characteristics and Architectures of a Complex Microprocessor-Based System for Control and Data Acquisition in Electric Power Substations,? Symposium Informatica, Jahorina, Bosnia, April 1983 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
51. S. Vidakovic, M. Kezunovic, ? Local Area Networks as a Communication Subsystem of Microprocessor-Based Process Control Systems,? Symposium ISEMEC, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1982 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
52. M. Kezunovic, ? Architectures of Distributed Microprocessor-Based Systems for Electric Power Substation Applications,? Symposium Informatica, Jahorina, Bosnia, March 1982 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
53. M. Kezunovic, ? Design Criteria for Microprocessor-Based Distributed Process Control Systems,? Symposium ISEMEC, Ljubljana, Slovenia, October 1981 (in Serbo-Croatian)<br />
54. J.S. Deliyannides, M. Kezunovic, T.H. Schwalenstocker, ? An Integrated Microprocessor Based Substation Protection and Control System,? IEE Conference Publ. No. 187: Developments in Power System Monitoring and Control, IEE, London, England, April 1980<br />
<br />
For Further more Redad this Link<br />
<a href="http://www.ece.tamu.edu/~pscp/sapublications.htm" target="_blank">http://www.ece.tamu.edu/~pscp/sapublications.htm</a>]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Electrowetting]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Electrowetting--16137</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:24:23 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Electrowetting--16137</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[The electrowetting behavior of mercury and other liquids on variably charged surfaces was probably first explained by Lipmann in 1875 and was certainly observed much earlier. Froumkin used surface charge to change the shape of water drops in 1936. The term electrowetting was first introduced in 1981 to describe an effect proposed for designing a new type of display device (G. Beni and S. Hackwood, Appl. Phys. Lett. 38, 4, pp.207-209, 1981]. Digital microfluidic manipulation of chemical &#x26; biological fluids was first investigated by J. Brown in 1984-1989 (NRL Pub. w/E. Soltani &#x26; M. Peckerar, 1985; NSF Grants 8760730 &#x26; 8822197), demonstrating valves, pumps and digitally relocatable nano droplets. In the past 25 years or so, a large number of devices based on electrowetting have been devised. In particular, electrowetting has been used successfully as one of several techniques to actuate microdroplets in a digital microfluidic device. In many of these applications, electowetting allows large numbers of droplets to be independently manipulated under direct electrical control without the use of external pumps, valves or even fixed channels.<br />
<br />
The electrowetting effect has been defined as "the change in solid electrolyte contact angle due to an applied potential difference between the solid and the electrolyte". The phenomenon of electowetting can be understood in terms of the forces that result from the applied electric field. The fringing field at the corners of the electrolyte droplet tend to pull the droplet down onto the electrode, lowering the macroscopic contact angle and increasing the droplet contact area. Alternatively, electrowetting can be viewed from a thermodynamic perspective. Since the surface tension of an interface is defined as the Gibbs free energy required to create a certain area of that surface, it contains both chemical and electrical components, and charge becomes a significant term in that equation. The chemical component is just the natural surface tension of the solid/electrolyte interface with no electric field. The electrical component is the energy stored in the capacitor formed between the conductor and the electrolyte.<br />
<br />
<br />
Electrowetting Theory<br />
<br />
The simplest derivation of electrowetting behavior is given by considering its thermodynamic model. While it is possible to obtain a detailed numerical model of electrowetting by considering the precise shape of the electrical fringing field and how it affects the local droplet curvature, such solutions are mathematically and computationally complex. The thermodynamic derivation proceeds as follows. Defining the relevant surface tensions as:<br />
<br />
* \gamma_{ws} \, - The total, electrical and chemical, surface tension between the electrolyte and the conductor<br />
* \gamma_{ws}^0 \, - The surface tension between the electrolyte and the conductor at zero electric field<br />
* \gamma_s \, - The surface tension between the conductor and the external ambient<br />
* \gamma_w \, - The surface tension between the electrolyte and the ambient<br />
* ? - The macroscopic contact angle between the electrolyte and the dielectric<br />
* C - The capacitance of the interface, ?r?0/t, for a uniform dielectric of thickness t and permittivity ?r<br />
* V - The effective applied voltage, integral of the electric field from the electrolyte to the conductor<br />
<br />
Relating the total surface tension to its chemical and electrical components gives:<br />
<br />
\gamma _{ws} = \gamma _{ws}^0 - \frac{CV^2}{2} \,<br />
<br />
The contact angle is given by the Young-Dupre equation, with the only complication being that the total surface energy ?ws is used:<br />
<br />
\gamma_{ws} = \gamma_s + \gamma_w cos(\theta) \,<br />
<br />
Combining the two equations gives the dependence of ? on the effective applied voltage as:<br />
<br />
\theta = cos^{-1}(\frac{\gamma _{ws}^0-\gamma_s-\frac{CV^2}{2}}{\gamma_w}) \,<br />
<br />
An additional complication is that liquids also exhibit a saturation phenomena: after certain voltage, the saturation voltage, the further increase of voltage will not change the contact angle, and with extreme voltages the interface will only show instabilities. The ultimate and complete explanation of electrowetting, mainly because of this effect, is still missing.<br />
<br />
Materials<br />
<br />
For reasons that are still under investigation, only a limited set of surfaces exhibit the theoretically predicted electrowetting behavior. Amorphous fluoropolymers are by far the best electrowetting materials discovered so far, and it has been found that their behaviour can be enhanced by the appropriate patterning. Three types of such polymers are commercially available: FluoroPel is sold by the Cytonix Corporation, CYTOP is sold by Asahi Glass Co., and Teflon AF is sold by DuPont.<br />
<br />
Applications<br />
<br />
Electrowetting is now used in a wide range of applications from modulab to adjustable lenses, electronic displays and switches for optical fibers.<br />
<br />
<br />
For More Read<br />
<a href="http://www.varioptic.com/" target="_blank">http://www.varioptic.com/</a><br />
<a href="http://www.cytonix.com/" target="_blank">http://www.cytonix.com/</a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[The electrowetting behavior of mercury and other liquids on variably charged surfaces was probably first explained by Lipmann in 1875 and was certainly observed much earlier. Froumkin used surface charge to change the shape of water drops in 1936. The term electrowetting was first introduced in 1981 to describe an effect proposed for designing a new type of display device (G. Beni and S. Hackwood, Appl. Phys. Lett. 38, 4, pp.207-209, 1981]. Digital microfluidic manipulation of chemical & biological fluids was first investigated by J. Brown in 1984-1989 (NRL Pub. w/E. Soltani & M. Peckerar, 1985; NSF Grants 8760730 & 8822197), demonstrating valves, pumps and digitally relocatable nano droplets. In the past 25 years or so, a large number of devices based on electrowetting have been devised. In particular, electrowetting has been used successfully as one of several techniques to actuate microdroplets in a digital microfluidic device. In many of these applications, electowetting allows large numbers of droplets to be independently manipulated under direct electrical control without the use of external pumps, valves or even fixed channels.<br />
<br />
The electrowetting effect has been defined as "the change in solid electrolyte contact angle due to an applied potential difference between the solid and the electrolyte". The phenomenon of electowetting can be understood in terms of the forces that result from the applied electric field. The fringing field at the corners of the electrolyte droplet tend to pull the droplet down onto the electrode, lowering the macroscopic contact angle and increasing the droplet contact area. Alternatively, electrowetting can be viewed from a thermodynamic perspective. Since the surface tension of an interface is defined as the Gibbs free energy required to create a certain area of that surface, it contains both chemical and electrical components, and charge becomes a significant term in that equation. The chemical component is just the natural surface tension of the solid/electrolyte interface with no electric field. The electrical component is the energy stored in the capacitor formed between the conductor and the electrolyte.<br />
<br />
<br />
Electrowetting Theory<br />
<br />
The simplest derivation of electrowetting behavior is given by considering its thermodynamic model. While it is possible to obtain a detailed numerical model of electrowetting by considering the precise shape of the electrical fringing field and how it affects the local droplet curvature, such solutions are mathematically and computationally complex. The thermodynamic derivation proceeds as follows. Defining the relevant surface tensions as:<br />
<br />
* \gamma_{ws} \, - The total, electrical and chemical, surface tension between the electrolyte and the conductor<br />
* \gamma_{ws}^0 \, - The surface tension between the electrolyte and the conductor at zero electric field<br />
* \gamma_s \, - The surface tension between the conductor and the external ambient<br />
* \gamma_w \, - The surface tension between the electrolyte and the ambient<br />
* ? - The macroscopic contact angle between the electrolyte and the dielectric<br />
* C - The capacitance of the interface, ?r?0/t, for a uniform dielectric of thickness t and permittivity ?r<br />
* V - The effective applied voltage, integral of the electric field from the electrolyte to the conductor<br />
<br />
Relating the total surface tension to its chemical and electrical components gives:<br />
<br />
\gamma _{ws} = \gamma _{ws}^0 - \frac{CV^2}{2} \,<br />
<br />
The contact angle is given by the Young-Dupre equation, with the only complication being that the total surface energy ?ws is used:<br />
<br />
\gamma_{ws} = \gamma_s + \gamma_w cos(\theta) \,<br />
<br />
Combining the two equations gives the dependence of ? on the effective applied voltage as:<br />
<br />
\theta = cos^{-1}(\frac{\gamma _{ws}^0-\gamma_s-\frac{CV^2}{2}}{\gamma_w}) \,<br />
<br />
An additional complication is that liquids also exhibit a saturation phenomena: after certain voltage, the saturation voltage, the further increase of voltage will not change the contact angle, and with extreme voltages the interface will only show instabilities. The ultimate and complete explanation of electrowetting, mainly because of this effect, is still missing.<br />
<br />
Materials<br />
<br />
For reasons that are still under investigation, only a limited set of surfaces exhibit the theoretically predicted electrowetting behavior. Amorphous fluoropolymers are by far the best electrowetting materials discovered so far, and it has been found that their behaviour can be enhanced by the appropriate patterning. Three types of such polymers are commercially available: FluoroPel is sold by the Cytonix Corporation, CYTOP is sold by Asahi Glass Co., and Teflon AF is sold by DuPont.<br />
<br />
Applications<br />
<br />
Electrowetting is now used in a wide range of applications from modulab to adjustable lenses, electronic displays and switches for optical fibers.<br />
<br />
<br />
For More Read<br />
<a href="http://www.varioptic.com/" target="_blank">http://www.varioptic.com/</a><br />
<a href="http://www.cytonix.com/" target="_blank">http://www.cytonix.com/</a>]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Low voltage differential signaling (LVDS)]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Low-voltage-differential-signaling-LVDS--16136</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:23:58 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Low-voltage-differential-signaling-LVDS--16136</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Low voltage differential signaling, or LVDS, is an electrical signaling system that can run at very high speeds over cheap, twisted-pair copper cables. It was introduced in 1994, and has since become very popular in computers, where it forms part of very high-speed networks and computer buses.<br />
LVDS uses the difference in voltage between two wires to signal information. The transmitter injects a small current, nominally 3.5 milliamperes, into one wire or the other, depending on the logic level to be sent. The current passes through a resistor of about 100 to 120 ohms (matched to the characteristic impedance of the cable) at the receiving end, then returns in the opposite direction along the other wire. From Ohm's law, the voltage difference across the resistor is therefore about 350 millivolts. The receiver senses the polarity of this voltage to determine the logic level. (This is a type of current loop signaling). .]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Low voltage differential signaling, or LVDS, is an electrical signaling system that can run at very high speeds over cheap, twisted-pair copper cables. It was introduced in 1994, and has since become very popular in computers, where it forms part of very high-speed networks and computer buses.<br />
LVDS uses the difference in voltage between two wires to signal information. The transmitter injects a small current, nominally 3.5 milliamperes, into one wire or the other, depending on the logic level to be sent. The current passes through a resistor of about 100 to 120 ohms (matched to the characteristic impedance of the cable) at the receiving end, then returns in the opposite direction along the other wire. From Ohm's law, the voltage difference across the resistor is therefore about 350 millivolts. The receiver senses the polarity of this voltage to determine the logic level. (This is a type of current loop signaling). .]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Superconductivity]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Superconductivity</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:23:41 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Superconductivity</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[SUPERCONDUCTIVITY is the ability of certain materials to conduct electric current with no resistance and extremely low losses. This ability to carry large amounts of currents can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators and to electricity transmission in power lines.<br />
<br />
For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the electricity ordinary copper or aluminium wires of same size.Scientists had been intrigued with the concept of superconductivity since its discovery in the early 1900?s, but the extreme low temperature the phenomenon required was a barrier to practical and low cost application.<br />
<br />
This all changed in 1986 when a new class of ceramic super conductors were discovered that ?SUPERCONDUCTED? at higher temperatures. The science of high temperature superconductivity (HTS) was born, and along with it came the prospect for an elegant technology that promises to ?supercharge? the way energy is generated, delivered and used.At the heart of high temperature superconductivity lies a promise for the near future.<br />
<br />
A promise for transmitting and using electricity with near perfect efficiency and much higher capacity, besides all this it also has a wide range of application like MRI scanning, maglev trains etc. This seminar shall discuss on the concepts of superconductivity, its classifications, its various properties and its applications.<br />
<br />
<br />
?We have completed the first electrical century ushered in by Thomas Edison . We are now entering a second electrical century, ushered in by High Temperature Superconductivity.?.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[SUPERCONDUCTIVITY is the ability of certain materials to conduct electric current with no resistance and extremely low losses. This ability to carry large amounts of currents can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators and to electricity transmission in power lines.<br />
<br />
For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the electricity ordinary copper or aluminium wires of same size.Scientists had been intrigued with the concept of superconductivity since its discovery in the early 1900?s, but the extreme low temperature the phenomenon required was a barrier to practical and low cost application.<br />
<br />
This all changed in 1986 when a new class of ceramic super conductors were discovered that ?SUPERCONDUCTED? at higher temperatures. The science of high temperature superconductivity (HTS) was born, and along with it came the prospect for an elegant technology that promises to ?supercharge? the way energy is generated, delivered and used.At the heart of high temperature superconductivity lies a promise for the near future.<br />
<br />
A promise for transmitting and using electricity with near perfect efficiency and much higher capacity, besides all this it also has a wide range of application like MRI scanning, maglev trains etc. This seminar shall discuss on the concepts of superconductivity, its classifications, its various properties and its applications.<br />
<br />
<br />
?We have completed the first electrical century ushered in by Thomas Edison . We are now entering a second electrical century, ushered in by High Temperature Superconductivity.?.]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[Gas Insulated Substations]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Gas-Insulated-Substations</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:23:22 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Gas-Insulated-Substations</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[SF6 Gas insulated Substations (GIS) are preferred for voltage ratings of 72.5KV, 145KV, 245KV, 420KV and above. In such a situation, the various equipments like circuit breakers, busbars, isolators, and load break switches; current transformers, voltage transformers, earthing switches etc. are housed in metal enclosed modules filled with SF6 gas.<br />
<br />
The SF6 gas provides the phase to ground insulation. As the dielectric strength of SF6 gas is higher than the air, the clearances required are smaller. Hence, the overall size of each equipment and the complete substation is reduced to about 10% of conventional air ? insulated substations. As a rule GIS are installed indoor. However outdoor GIS have also been installed earlier.<br />
<br />
The various modules of GIS are factory assembled and are filled with SF6 gas at a pressure of about 3 Kg/ cm2. Thereafter they are taken to site for final assembly. Such substations are compact and can be installed conveniently on any floor of a multi - storied building or in an underground substation.As the units are factory assembled, the installation time is substantially reduced.<br />
<br />
Such installation are preferred in cosmopolitan cities, industrial townships, etc. where cost of land is very high and higher cost of SF6 insulated switch gear (GIS) is justified by saving due to reduction in floor area requirement. They are also preferred in heavily polluted areas where dust, chemical fumes and salt layers can cause frequent flashovers in conventional outdoor air-insulated substations. The GIS has monitoring system.<br />
<br />
The gas density in each compartment is monitored. If pressured drops slightly, the gas is automatically tapped up. With further gas leakage, the low-pressure alarm is sounded or automatic tripping or lock out occurs. By this method we can save the space required for the substation to build up. This means that gas-insulated substation can be built in any metropolitan city. Many experiments are going on the use of SF6 gas]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[SF6 Gas insulated Substations (GIS) are preferred for voltage ratings of 72.5KV, 145KV, 245KV, 420KV and above. In such a situation, the various equipments like circuit breakers, busbars, isolators, and load break switches; current transformers, voltage transformers, earthing switches etc. are housed in metal enclosed modules filled with SF6 gas.<br />
<br />
The SF6 gas provides the phase to ground insulation. As the dielectric strength of SF6 gas is higher than the air, the clearances required are smaller. Hence, the overall size of each equipment and the complete substation is reduced to about 10% of conventional air ? insulated substations. As a rule GIS are installed indoor. However outdoor GIS have also been installed earlier.<br />
<br />
The various modules of GIS are factory assembled and are filled with SF6 gas at a pressure of about 3 Kg/ cm2. Thereafter they are taken to site for final assembly. Such substations are compact and can be installed conveniently on any floor of a multi - storied building or in an underground substation.As the units are factory assembled, the installation time is substantially reduced.<br />
<br />
Such installation are preferred in cosmopolitan cities, industrial townships, etc. where cost of land is very high and higher cost of SF6 insulated switch gear (GIS) is justified by saving due to reduction in floor area requirement. They are also preferred in heavily polluted areas where dust, chemical fumes and salt layers can cause frequent flashovers in conventional outdoor air-insulated substations. The GIS has monitoring system.<br />
<br />
The gas density in each compartment is monitored. If pressured drops slightly, the gas is automatically tapped up. With further gas leakage, the low-pressure alarm is sounded or automatic tripping or lock out occurs. By this method we can save the space required for the substation to build up. This means that gas-insulated substation can be built in any metropolitan city. Many experiments are going on the use of SF6 gas]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[BiCMOS Technology]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-BiCMOS-Technology--16133</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:23:02 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-BiCMOS-Technology--16133</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[The need for high-performance, low-power, and low-cost systems for network transport and wireless communications is driving silicon technology toward higher speed, higher integration, and more functionality.<br />
<br />
Further more, this integration of RF and analog mixed-signal circuits into high-performance digital signal-processing (DSP) systems must be done with minimum cost overhead to be commercially viable.<br />
<br />
While some analog and RF designs have been attempted in mainstream digital-only complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, almost all designs that require stringent RF performance use bipolar or semiconductor technology.<br />
<br />
Silicon integrated circuit (IC) products that, at present, require modern bipolar or BiCMOS silicon technology in wired application space include the essential optical network (SONET) and synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) operating at 10 Gb/s and higher.<br />
The viability of a mixed digital/analog. RF chip depends on the cost of making the silicon with the required elements; in practice, it must approximate the cost of the CMOS wafer, Cycle times for processing the wafer should not significantly exceed cycle times for a digital CMOS wafer.<br />
<br />
Yields of the SOC chip must be similar to those of a multi-chip implementation. Much of this article will examine process techniques that achieve the objectives of low cost, rapid cycle time, and solid yield...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[The need for high-performance, low-power, and low-cost systems for network transport and wireless communications is driving silicon technology toward higher speed, higher integration, and more functionality.<br />
<br />
Further more, this integration of RF and analog mixed-signal circuits into high-performance digital signal-processing (DSP) systems must be done with minimum cost overhead to be commercially viable.<br />
<br />
While some analog and RF designs have been attempted in mainstream digital-only complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, almost all designs that require stringent RF performance use bipolar or semiconductor technology.<br />
<br />
Silicon integrated circuit (IC) products that, at present, require modern bipolar or BiCMOS silicon technology in wired application space include the essential optical network (SONET) and synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) operating at 10 Gb/s and higher.<br />
The viability of a mixed digital/analog. RF chip depends on the cost of making the silicon with the required elements; in practice, it must approximate the cost of the CMOS wafer, Cycle times for processing the wafer should not significantly exceed cycle times for a digital CMOS wafer.<br />
<br />
Yields of the SOC chip must be similar to those of a multi-chip implementation. Much of this article will examine process techniques that achieve the objectives of low cost, rapid cycle time, and solid yield...]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[Optimum VAR Control]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Optimum-VAR-Control</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:22:38 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Optimum-VAR-Control</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[A complex method for the optimum VAR control of radial primary power distribution networks dealing with the proper selection and installation of shunt capacitors is developed here. The problem is examined both on an annual and a long-term basis.<br />
<br />
First objective functions and relative algorithms, which determine the kind, the size, the minimum numbers the locations and the adjustments of the possibly installed standard capacitors are developed. Then all these are embodied in a complex software package, which examines all the technically acceptable VAR control solutions.<br />
<br />
It compares them economically and finally proposes the more profitable.In this, a complex method for the optimum VAR control of a radial primary distribution network with capacitors is developed. The problem is examined both for constant and growing annual peak load buy developing relative software packages. Realistic data of the examined networks such as lateral branches, conductor sizes, load distribution and variation are taken into account. The target in every case is the determination of the kind, size, minimum number, location and possible adjustments of standard capacitors which effect the techno economically var control. This is achieved by utilizing previous considerable methods dealing with the examined problem which however are adapted to new objective functions and they are modified so as to over come their weaknesses and to optimize the necessary computing time..]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[A complex method for the optimum VAR control of radial primary power distribution networks dealing with the proper selection and installation of shunt capacitors is developed here. The problem is examined both on an annual and a long-term basis.<br />
<br />
First objective functions and relative algorithms, which determine the kind, the size, the minimum numbers the locations and the adjustments of the possibly installed standard capacitors are developed. Then all these are embodied in a complex software package, which examines all the technically acceptable VAR control solutions.<br />
<br />
It compares them economically and finally proposes the more profitable.In this, a complex method for the optimum VAR control of a radial primary distribution network with capacitors is developed. The problem is examined both for constant and growing annual peak load buy developing relative software packages. Realistic data of the examined networks such as lateral branches, conductor sizes, load distribution and variation are taken into account. The target in every case is the determination of the kind, size, minimum number, location and possible adjustments of standard capacitors which effect the techno economically var control. This is achieved by utilizing previous considerable methods dealing with the examined problem which however are adapted to new objective functions and they are modified so as to over come their weaknesses and to optimize the necessary computing time..]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[Power Frequency Magnetic Fields]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Power-Frequency-Magnetic-Fields--16131</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:22:16 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Power-Frequency-Magnetic-Fields--16131</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[Power frequency magnetic fields as high as 15,000,000 milligauss are commonly found internally in equipment such as power transformers, motors and generators .Although these fields are almost contained within the equipment ,some leakage will occur. This paper concentrates on magnetic fields in the range of zero to several hundred milligauss. This level of magnetic field may be experienced by the general public as a result of operation of electrical equipment, current carrying lines, house wiring, electrical appliances, lighting equipment or any other device energized by power frequency sources. For those public living close to a line, time spent in these fields may be long or almost all the time, resulting in large exposure. People with higher occupational exposure to magnetic fields were about three times as likely to develop alzheimers as those with low mechanism. This paper also contain interaction mechanism , sources of power frequency magnetic fields such as transmission system and distribution system ,magnetic fields at home, management of magnetic field by several techniques (shielding the under ground cables ,shielding applied to specific region, electromagnetic shielding and active shielding).]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Power frequency magnetic fields as high as 15,000,000 milligauss are commonly found internally in equipment such as power transformers, motors and generators .Although these fields are almost contained within the equipment ,some leakage will occur. This paper concentrates on magnetic fields in the range of zero to several hundred milligauss. This level of magnetic field may be experienced by the general public as a result of operation of electrical equipment, current carrying lines, house wiring, electrical appliances, lighting equipment or any other device energized by power frequency sources. For those public living close to a line, time spent in these fields may be long or almost all the time, resulting in large exposure. People with higher occupational exposure to magnetic fields were about three times as likely to develop alzheimers as those with low mechanism. This paper also contain interaction mechanism , sources of power frequency magnetic fields such as transmission system and distribution system ,magnetic fields at home, management of magnetic field by several techniques (shielding the under ground cables ,shielding applied to specific region, electromagnetic shielding and active shielding).]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[Power System Contingencies]]></title>
			<link>http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Power-System-Contingencies--16130</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:21:58 -0700</pubDate>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.projects-forum.com/Thread-Power-System-Contingencies--16130</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[In order to achieve more efficient voltage regulation in a power system, coordinated secondary voltage control has been proposed, bringing in the extra benefit of enhancement of power system voltage stability margin.<br />
<br />
The study is presented by the e.g. with two SVCs and two STATCOMs in order to eliminate voltage violation in systems contingencies. In the paper, it is proposed that the secondary voltage control is implemented by a learning fuzzy logic controller.<br />
<br />
A key parameter of the controller is trained by P-type learning algorithm via offline simulation with the assistance of injection of artificial loads in controller?s adjacent locations. A multiagent collaboration protocol, which is graphically represented as a finite state machine, is proposed in the paper for the coordination among multiple SVCs and STATCOMs.<br />
<br />
As an agent, each SVC or STATCOM can provide multilocation coverage to eliminate voltage violation at its adjacent nodes in the power system. Agents can provide collaborative support to each other which is coordinated according to the proposed collaboration protocol.<br />
<br />
The major contributions of the paper are:<br />
<br />
A multiagent collaboration protocol for the multiple FACTS voltage controller is proposed.<br />
Multilocation coverage of power system voltage profile around a voltage control agent is suggested<br />
A novel scheme to design a learning fuzzy logic secondary voltage controller.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[In order to achieve more efficient voltage regulation in a power system, coordinated secondary voltage control has been proposed, bringing in the extra benefit of enhancement of power system voltage stability margin.<br />
<br />
The study is presented by the e.g. with two SVCs and two STATCOMs in order to eliminate voltage violation in systems contingencies. In the paper, it is proposed that the secondary voltage control is implemented by a learning fuzzy logic controller.<br />
<br />
A key parameter of the controller is trained by P-type learning algorithm via offline simulation with the assistance of injection of artificial loads in controller?s adjacent locations. A multiagent collaboration protocol, which is graphically represented as a finite state machine, is proposed in the paper for the coordination among multiple SVCs and STATCOMs.<br />
<br />
As an agent, each SVC or STATCOM can provide multilocation coverage to eliminate voltage violation at its adjacent nodes in the power system. Agents can provide collaborative support to each other which is coordinated according to the proposed collaboration protocol.<br />
<br />
The major contributions of the paper are:<br />
<br />
A multiagent collaboration protocol for the multiple FACTS voltage controller is proposed.<br />
Multilocation coverage of power system voltage profile around a voltage control agent is suggested<br />
A novel scheme to design a learning fuzzy logic secondary voltage controller.]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
	</channel>
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